coloring
Water coloring
Paint
Watercolor paint is an ancient form of painting. In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting. In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns, often using ink stick or other pigments. India, Ethiopia and other countries have long watercolor painting traditions as well.
Water coloring
Paint is any pigmented liquid,
liquefiable, or solid mastic composition
that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film. It is most commonly used to protect, color,
or provide texture to objects.
Paint can be made or purchased in many colors—and in many different types, such as watercolor or synthetic. Paint is typically stored, sold, and applied as a liquid, but most types dry into a solid.
Most paints are either oil-based or water-based and each have distinct characteristics. For one, it is illegal in most municipalities to discard oil based paint down household drains or sewers. Solvents for clean up are also different for water based paint than they are for oil based paint.
Water-based
paints and oil-based paints will cure differently based on the outside ambient
temperature of the object being painted (such as a house.) Usually the object
being painted must be over 10 °C (50 °F), although some manufacturers
of external paints/primers claim they can be applied when temperatures are as
low as 2 °C (35 °F).
Paint can be made or purchased in many colors—and in many different types, such as watercolor or synthetic. Paint is typically stored, sold, and applied as a liquid, but most types dry into a solid.
Most paints are either oil-based or water-based and each have distinct characteristics. For one, it is illegal in most municipalities to discard oil based paint down household drains or sewers. Solvents for clean up are also different for water based paint than they are for oil based paint.
Painting
Painting is the practice of
applying paint, pigment, color or
other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or
"support").The medium is commonly applied to the base with
a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges,
and airbrushes, can be used.
In art,
the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action
(the final work is called "a painting"). The support for paintings
includes such surfaces as walls, paper, canvas, wood, glass, lacquer, pottery, leaf, copper and concrete, and the painting may incorporate
multiple other materials, including sand, clay, paper, plaster, gold leaf, and
even whole objects.
Painting is an important form in the visual arts, bringing in elements such as drawing, composition, gesture (as in gestural painting), narration (as in narrative art), and abstraction (as in abstract art). Paintings can be naturalistic and
representational (as in still life and landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), and/or political in nature (as in Artivism).
A portion of the history of painting in
both Eastern and Western art is dominated by religious art. Examples of this kind of painting range from
artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery,
to Biblical scenes on the Sistine Chapel ceiling, to
scenes from the life of Buddha (or other images of Eastern religious origin).
Elements of painting
Color and tone
Color, made up of hue, saturation, and value, dispersed over a surface is the essence of painting,
just as pitch and rhythm are the essence of music.
Color is highly subjective, but has observable psychological effects, although
these can differ from one culture to the next. Black is associated with
mourning in the West, but in the East, white is. Some painters, theoreticians,
writers and scientists, including Goethe, Kandinsky, and Newton,have written their own color theory.
Moreover, the use of language is only an abstraction for
a color equivalent. The word "red", for example, can cover a wide range
of variations from the pure red of the visible spectrum of light. There is not a formalized
register of different colors in the way that there is agreement on different
notes in music, such as F or C♯. For a painter, color
is not simply divided into basic (primary) and derived (complementary or mixed)
colors (like red, blue, green, brown, etc.).
Painters deal practically with pigments, so "blue"
for a painter can be any of the blues: phthalocyanine blue, Prussian blue, indigo, Cobalt blue, ultramarine, and so on. Psychological and symbolical meanings
of color are not, strictly speaking, means of painting. Colors only add to the
potential, derived context of meanings, and because of this, the perception of
a painting is highly subjective.
The analogy with music is quite clear—sound in music (like a C note) is analogous to "light" in painting, "shades" to dynamics, and "coloration" is to painting as the specific timbre of musical instruments is to music. These elements do not necessarily form a melody (in music) of themselves; rather, they can add different contexts to it.
The analogy with music is quite clear—sound in music (like a C note) is analogous to "light" in painting, "shades" to dynamics, and "coloration" is to painting as the specific timbre of musical instruments is to music. These elements do not necessarily form a melody (in music) of themselves; rather, they can add different contexts to it.
Non-traditional elements
Modern artists have extended the practice of painting
considerably to include, as one example, collage, which began with Cubism and is not painting in the strict sense. Some
modern painters incorporate different materials such as metal, plastic, sand, cement, straw, leaves or wood for
their texture.
Examples of this are the works of Jean Dubuffet and Anselm Kiefer. There is a growing community of artists who use computers to "paint" color onto a digital "canvas" using programs such as Adobe Photoshop, Corel Painter, and many others. These images can be printed onto traditional canvas if required.
Examples of this are the works of Jean Dubuffet and Anselm Kiefer. There is a growing community of artists who use computers to "paint" color onto a digital "canvas" using programs such as Adobe Photoshop, Corel Painter, and many others. These images can be printed onto traditional canvas if required.
Water color
watercolor (American English) or water color (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, from Italian diminutive of Latin aqua "water"), is a painting method in which the paints are
made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.
Watercolor refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork. Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called "aquarellum atramento" (Latin for "aquarelle made with ink") by experts. However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.
Watercolor refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork. Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called "aquarellum atramento" (Latin for "aquarelle made with ink") by experts. However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.
The traditional and most common support—material
to which the paint is applied—for watercolor paintings is watercolor paper. Other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum, leather, fabric, wood and watercolor canvas (coated with a gesso that
is specially formulated for use with watercolors). Watercolor paper is often
made entirely or partially with cotton.
This gives the surface the appropriate texture and minimizes distortion when wet. Watercolor papers are usually cold pressed papers, and gives better texture and look with GSM between 200 to 300. Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors. Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.
This gives the surface the appropriate texture and minimizes distortion when wet. Watercolor papers are usually cold pressed papers, and gives better texture and look with GSM between 200 to 300. Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors. Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.
Watercolor paint is an ancient form of painting. In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting. In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns, often using ink stick or other pigments. India, Ethiopia and other countries have long watercolor painting traditions as well.
American artists in the early 19th century
seemed to regard watercolor primarily as a sketching tool in preparation for
the "finished" work in oil or engraving.
Water transfer
printing
Water transfer
printing, also known as immersion printing, water transfer imaging, hydro
dipping, water marbling, cubic printing, Hydro graphics, or Hydro Graphics,
is a method of applying printed designs to three-dimensional surfaces.
The resulting combinations may be considered decorative art or applied art. The hydro graphic process can be used on metal, plastic, glass, hard woods, and various other materials.
The resulting combinations may be considered decorative art or applied art. The hydro graphic process can be used on metal, plastic, glass, hard woods, and various other materials.
Usage
The water transfer printing process is
extensively used to decorate items that range from entire all-terrain vehicles
and car dashboards, to small items like bike helmets or other automotive trim.
Films can be applied to all types of substrates including plastic, fiberglass, wood, ceramics, and metal. For the most part, if the item can be dipped in water and can be painted using traditional techniques then the hydro graphic printing process can be used.
Films can be applied to all types of substrates including plastic, fiberglass, wood, ceramics, and metal. For the most part, if the item can be dipped in water and can be painted using traditional techniques then the hydro graphic printing process can be used.
Process
In the process, the substrate piece to be
printed first goes through the entire painting process: surface preparation,
priming, painting, and clear coating.After painting but before clear coating, the
part is ready to be processed.
A polyvinyl alcohol hydro graphic film, which has been gravure-printed with the graphic image to be transferred, is carefully placed on the water's surface in the dipping tank. The clear film is water-soluble, and dissolves after applying an activator solution.
Once dipping is begun, the surface tension of the water will allow the pattern to curve around any shape.Any remaining residue is then rinsed off thoroughly. The ink adheres to the desired surface and it cannot be washed off easily. It is then allowed to dry.
A polyvinyl alcohol hydro graphic film, which has been gravure-printed with the graphic image to be transferred, is carefully placed on the water's surface in the dipping tank. The clear film is water-soluble, and dissolves after applying an activator solution.
Once dipping is begun, the surface tension of the water will allow the pattern to curve around any shape.Any remaining residue is then rinsed off thoroughly. The ink adheres to the desired surface and it cannot be washed off easily. It is then allowed to dry.
The adhesion is a result of the chemical
components of the activator softening the base coat layer and allowing the ink
to form a bond with it. One of the most common causes of a failure to achieve
adhesion between the two layers is a poorly applied activator. This can be
either too much activator being applied or too little.
Water lines
water Lilies is a series of
approximately 250 oil paintings by French Impressionist Claude Monet (1840–1926).
The paintings depict his flower
garden at his home in Giverny,
and were the main focus of his artistic production during the last thirty years
of his life. Many of the works were painted while Monet suffered from cataracts.
Back ground
Monet's long-standing preference for
producing and exhibiting a series of paintings related by subject and
perspective began in 1889, with at least ten paintings done at the Valley of the Creuse, which were shown at the Galerie
Georges Petit. Among his other
famous series are his Haystacks.
During the 1920s, the state of France built a
pair of oval rooms at the Musée de l'Orangerie as
a permanent home for eight water lily murals by Monet. The exhibit opened to the public on 16
May 1927, a few months after Monet's death.Sixty water lily
paintings from around the world were assembled for a special exhibition at the
Musée de l'Orangerie in 1999.
The paintings are on display at museums all
over the world, including the Princeton University Art
Museum, Musée Marmottan Monet,the Musée d'Orsay in
Paris, the Metropolitan Museum of
Art, Museum of Modern Art in
New York.
The Art Institute of Chicago, the Saint Louis Art Museum, the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City, Missouri,the Carnegie Museum of Art, the National Museum of Wales, the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nantes, the Cleveland Museum of Art, the Portland Art Museum and the Legion of Honor.
The Art Institute of Chicago, the Saint Louis Art Museum, the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City, Missouri,the Carnegie Museum of Art, the National Museum of Wales, the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nantes, the Cleveland Museum of Art, the Portland Art Museum and the Legion of Honor.
Chinese painting
Chinese painting is one of the oldest continuous
artistic traditions in the world. Painting in the traditional style is known
today in Chinese as guóhuà , meaning "national" or "native
painting", as opposed to Western styles of art which became popular in
China in the 20th century.
Traditional painting involves essentially the same techniques as calligraphy and is done with a brush dipped in black ink or colored pigments; oils are not used. As with calligraphy, the most popular materials on which paintings are made are paper and silk.
The finished work can be mounted on scrolls, such as hanging scrolls or hand scrolls. Traditional painting can also be done on album sheets, walls, lacquerware, folding screens, and other media.
Traditional painting involves essentially the same techniques as calligraphy and is done with a brush dipped in black ink or colored pigments; oils are not used. As with calligraphy, the most popular materials on which paintings are made are paper and silk.
The finished work can be mounted on scrolls, such as hanging scrolls or hand scrolls. Traditional painting can also be done on album sheets, walls, lacquerware, folding screens, and other media.
The two main techniques in Chinese painting are:
·
Gongbi , meaning "meticulous", uses highly detailed
brushstrokes that delimit details very precisely. It is often highly colored
and usually depicts figural or narrative subjects. It is often practiced by
artists working for the royal court or in independent workshops.
·
Ink and wash painting, in
Chinese also
loosely termed watercolor or brush painting, and also known as "literati
painting", as it was one of the "Four Arts" of the Chinese Scholar-official class.In theory this was an art practiced by
gentlemen, a distinction that begins to be made in writings on art from
the Song dynasty, though in fact the careers
of leading exponents could benefit considerably.This style is also referred to as
"xieyi" or freehand style.
Landscape painting was
regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting, and generally still is.The time from the Five Dynasties period to the
Northern Song period (907–1127) is known as the "Great age of Chinese
landscape".
In the north, artists such as Jing Hao, Li Cheng, Fan Kuan, and Guo Xi painted pictures of towering mountains, using strong black lines, ink wash, and sharp, dotted brushstrokes to suggest rough stone. In the south, Dong Yuan, Juran, and other artists painted the rolling hills and rivers of their native countryside in peaceful scenes done with softer, rubbed brushwork. These two kinds of scenes and techniques became the classical styles of Chinese landscape painting.
In the north, artists such as Jing Hao, Li Cheng, Fan Kuan, and Guo Xi painted pictures of towering mountains, using strong black lines, ink wash, and sharp, dotted brushstrokes to suggest rough stone. In the south, Dong Yuan, Juran, and other artists painted the rolling hills and rivers of their native countryside in peaceful scenes done with softer, rubbed brushwork. These two kinds of scenes and techniques became the classical styles of Chinese landscape painting.
0 comments:
Post a Comment